Both composers enjoyed playing together in string quartets. – Joseph Haydn, quoted in a letter from Leopold Mozart to Maria Anna Mozart (1785)įrom about 1781 a close friendship developed between Haydn and Mozart, whose work he had influenced for years. “Before God and as an honest man I tell you that your son is the greatest composer known to me either in person or by name: He has taste, and, furthermore, the most profound knowledge of composition.” Gradually Haydn wrote as much for publications as for his employer, and some important works of this period, such as the Paris Symphonies (1785-1786) and the original orchestral version of the Seven Last Words of our Saviour on the Cross (1786), were commissioned from abroad. His popularity in the outside world also increased. During the almost thirty years he spent in the Esterházy house, Haydn produced a flood of compositions, and his musical style continued to develop. The Princes Esterházy were music connoisseurs who appreciated his work and gave him the space for his artistic development, including daily access to his own small orchestra. Haydn’s enormous workload included composing, conducting the orchestra, playing chamber music for and with his patron and arranging operas. His Stabat Mater, written in 1767, stands out from other settings of this sequence both in terms of time and instrumentation. Now he was also able to compose sacred works. In 1766, Haydn was promoted to First Kapellmeister. Haydn was quickly offered a similar position by the Esterházy family, one of the wealthiest and most important magnate families in the Kingdom of Hungary, initially as vice-kapellmeister. As music director he conducted a small orchestra, and for this ensemble he wrote his first symphonies, string trios, cassations and string quartets. Haydn dated his first symphony, composed in Morzin’s service, to this year. He endeavoured to fill the gaps in his education and eventually wrote his first string quartets and his first opera. Probably in 1757 Haydn received his first important position as music director of Count Karl of Morzin at the chateau Dolní Lukavice near Pilsen. In the course of this arduous ten-year period, Haydn pursued many different activities, including as a valet and accompanist to the Italian composer Nicola Porpora. He was dismissed from his position and began a career as a freelance musician. In 1749 Haydn’s voice change was completed, so that he could no longer sing the high voices in the choir. Haydn learned a great deal – largely through self-instruction and probably simply because he was a professional musician at a young age in a place that was important for music. In the cathedral chapel Haydn received singing, piano and violin lessons. Reutter took Haydn with him to Vienna, where he lived for nine years as a choir singer. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna, as he travelled through the provinces to find talented choir boys. ![]() In 1740 he was noticed by Georg von Reutter, the musical director of St. His musical talent was discovered when he was still a small child. Although neither parent could read music notes, Haydn recalls that his family and neighbours often sang together. Joseph Haydn was born in Markt Rohrau in the Archduchy of Austria, today’s Lower Austria, as the second of twelve children of the market judge Mathias Haydn and his wife Maria Haydn (née Koller). – Joseph Haydn on Mozart’s objection that he speaks too few languages to travel to London Joseph Haydn – Youth and Education ![]() “My language is understood all over the world.” His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets “Father of the Symphony” and “Father of the String Quartet”. The composer of the Viennese Classicism was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. On March 31 (or April 1) 1732, Austrian composer Joseph Haydn was born.
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